search
  • Architecture Terminology: 20 Essential Terms Architects Must Know

    Architecture Terminology is very essential for aspiring architects, students, or anyone with an interest in Architecture. Understanding the key architecture terminologies helps deepen one’s appreciation and understanding of the built environment.

    Architecture is about the art and science of not only designing buildings or structures but also creating spaces. It has a rich vocabulary that reflects its history, techniques, and styles. Therefore from the basic structural elements to the variation of design principles, architecture terminologies are very crucial to understand.

    This blog provides an overview of 20 (almost A-Z) essential architecture terminologies, exploring their meanings and significance.

    1. Arch

    An Arch is a carved structural element that spans an opening and is typically used to support loads from above, such as a bridge or the upper part of a building.
    In India arches are significant as a structural element in historical and contemporary architecture, characterized by their aesthetic and functional aspects.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: Sanjay Puri Architects

    2. Bracket

    A Bracket is a structural and decorative element that projects from a wall to support an overhanging weight, such as a balcony, eave, or cornice.
    Brackets are significant in various architectural styles across India, especially in traditional and vernacular buildings.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: Environ Planners

    3. Cantilever

    A Cantilever refers to a projecting structure supported only at one end, allowing for overhanging designs without external bracing or support.
    Cantilever is a traditional Indian structural element that is still significant in modern contemporary architecture.

    Project By: Studio Detail

    4. Cladding

    Cladding is the application process of one material over another to provide a skin or layer intended to control the infiltration of weather elements or for aesthetic purposes such as brick and stone.
    It is used in various types of buildings, including residential, commercial, and industrial structures mostly where brick is used as the primary construction material.

    Image Credit: Freepik.com

    5. Elevation

    Elevation is one of the key architecture terminologies that refers to a scaled drawing or visual representation of one side of a building. This type of architectural drawing shows the exterior face of a building, detailing its height, length, and the appearance of surfaces and features.
    There are three types of elevation, such as front elevation, rare elevation, and side elevation.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: LID architects

    6. Facade

    The facade is the exterior face or front of a building, especially the principal or most prominent side which often includes the entrance. The facade is a crucial element in architectural design, both functionally and aesthetically.
    The front facade featuring the main entrance is known as the Primary facade and the other exterior faces that might have any significant element are known as the Secondary facade.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: Urbane ivy

    7. Fenestration

    Fenestration is a Global Architecture Terminology that refers to the design, arrangement, and placement of openings in a building, such as windows, doors, skylights, and curtain walls. This play a crucial role in the functionality, aesthetics, and overall environmental performance of buildings.
    Indian traditional structural or design elements like Jharokhas, Jaali, and even courtyards or verandas are significant examples of fenestration.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: Sanjay Puri Architects

    8. Gazebo

    A gazebo refers to a freestanding, open-sided structure, often situated in gardens, parks, or recreational areas. Gazebos are designed to provide a sheltered, relaxing space while allowing for enjoyment of the surrounding landscape.
    They are typically polygonal, circular, or octagonal and of varied sizes based on the intended use.

    Project By: STUDIOARO

    9. Keystone

    A keystone is a wedge-shaped stone at the apex of a masonry arch or typically a round-shaped one at the apex of a vault. Keystones are primarily used in traditional Indian and Roman Architecture. However, in the modern integration of Arch or Vaults, Keystones stand as a timeless structural element.

    Image Credit: institutefordigitaltransformation.org

    10. Lintel

    A lintel is a horizontal structural element placed above doors, windows, and other openings to support the load of the wall or structure above it. It spans the opening and transfers the weight to the supporting structures on either side.

    A lintel can be a simple beam, a part of a larger arch system, or any decorative feature.

    Project By: Quintae Architects

    Architecture Terminology

    11. Morter

    Mortar is a bonding agent that hardens to bind building blocks such as stones, bricks, and concrete masonry units, to fill and seal the irregular gaps between them, spread the weight of them evenly, and sometimes add decorative colors or patterns to masonry walls.

    It serves as a crucial element in masonry work, providing both structural stability and aesthetic cohesion.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: K.N.ASSOCIATES

    12. Parapet

    A Parapet is a low protective wall or barrier that extends above the roofline, terrace, balcony, or along the edge of a bridge. Parapets serve several purposes, from safety to decorative elements.
    It may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the edge line of the roof surface or maybe a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a firewall or party wall.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: Atelier Design N Domain

    13. Plinth

    A plinth is a base or platform upon which a structure is built. It serves as the foundation and provides elevation to the building, protecting it from moisture, providing stability, and enhancing its visual appeal.

    Project By: 23 Degrees Design Shift

    14. Ramp

    A Ramp is an inclined surface that provides a transition between different levels, essential for accessibility, transportation, and managing elevation changes. The design of Ramps has specific considerations for slope, width, surface, and safety features to ensure they are functional and accessible for all users.
    They are used in various settings, from public and residential buildings to urban infrastructure, and are regulated by building codes and accessibility standards.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: The Purple Ink Studio

    15. Spandrel

    A spandrel is a space or surface between two arches or between an arch and a rectangular boundary, serving both functional and decorative purposes. Spandrels are part of various architectural styles and materials, providing structural support, enhancing aesthetics, and optimizing space utilization.
    Their design and execution reflect the cultural and architectural context of the building, from historical monuments to modern high-rise structures.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: Environ Planners

    16. Shaft

    Shaft generally refers to the main vertical component of a column or pillar. It supports the load from the architrave above and transfers it down to the base or foundation below.
    The shaft is a key element in both classical and modern architecture. It symbolizes strength and stability while contributing to the visual and structural integrity of a building.

    Image Credit: Flickr.com

    17. Truss

    A truss is an assembly of members such as beams, connected by nodes, that creates a rigid structure. It is a structural framework to support loads. Such as the roof or floors of a building, by distributing the weight through a series of triangular units.
    Their design considerations include load distribution, connections, span, and aesthetics, making them a critical component in both traditional and modern architecture.

    Architecture Terminology
    Project By: 42MM Architecture

    18. Upholster

    Upholster refers to the process of covering furniture, such as chairs, sofas, and seats, with padding, springs, webbing, and fabric. It makes the furniture more comfortable and aesthetically pleasing.
    Upholstery is a key aspect of furniture design and repair, involving both functional and decorative elements.

    Project By: Studio Barikee

    19. Vault

    A vault in architecture is a self-supporting arched form, made of stone or brick, serving as a roof or a ceiling for a space.
    Vaults come in various types, including barrel, groin, ribbed, fan, cloister, annular, and parabolic, each with unique characteristics and applications. Historically significant and widely used in religious, public, and residential architecture. Vaults are valued for their strength, stability, and visual impact.

    Architecture Terminology
    Image Credit: ArchDaily

    20. Zoning

    In Architecture, Zoning designates land use areas to control development and manage urban growth effectively within a community.
    Zoning takes into account several factors such as Climate, culture, regional needs, etc.
    For example, residential buildings have separate zones like public, semi-public, and private for different activities.

    Project By: Planet Design & Associates

    Understanding these architecture terminologies enhances the vocabulary and solidifies the comprehension of building or structural design. Each architecture terminology reflects a rich history and complex architects use to create functional and enduring spaces and structures. Whether you are admiring a historic monument or a modern skyscraper, recognizing the elements mentioned in the architecture terminology list, can provide insight into the architect’s intentions and the structure’s story.

    Content Writing And Research By: Ar. Shiwangi Saha

    The Liquescent House is a Testament to Organic Architecture | Shaili Banker Architects – Arkytos

    The Liquescent house, located on the outskirts of Ahmedabad, is a testament to organic architecture, a dialogue between the built and unbuilt, and the careful integration of natural elements. The architect’s inclination towards the design language is imbued with a natural fluidity, shaped by a childhood immersed in clay. This formative experience—working with a material […]

    Read More

    This Simple Contemporary House Emphasizes Minimalist Living | Bread Architecture

    The rural residence is thoughtfully situated on a 9,000 square foot plot in Pappanadu, a village renowned for its rich communal life and cultural heritage in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. Designed to accommodate a couple and their mother, the objective was to create a distinctive home that not only stands out aesthetically but also remains accessible […]

    Read More

    This Farmhouse in Pune is Deeply Rooted in Organic Living | Roheena Nagpal Design Studio

    The design philosophy of Bhide’s Farmhouse in Pune, deeply rooted in organic living, embraces modern minimalism while incorporating elements of rustic charm. The emphasis is on creating a harmonious relationship with the natural surroundings, drawing inspiration from the lush landscapes of Maharashtra. The design prioritizes simplicity, authenticity, and sustainability. Editor’s Note: By beautifully incorporating rustic […]

    Read More

    This House by the Lake is Inspired by Wada Architecture | Studio Prakriya

    This modern house by the lake is inspired by traditional Wada architecture while incorporating contemporary aesthetics and functionality. Embracing nature, the architectural design reflects cultural heritage, technological advancements, and natural surroundings. With its exposed brick exterior, central courtyard, landscaping, a swimming pool by the lake, and a narrow alley entrance reminiscent of old Wadas, this residence […]

    Read More

    This Hyderabad House Harmonizes Two Distinct Units | Lalith and Jyothi Architects

    If you were to step into this Hyderabad house, you would sense harmony in paradox as it harmonizes two distinct units. With both units seamlessly woven together with open-to-sky transitional spaces. Moving around, you get the impression of belongingness, thriving in complete balance with a respect for individuality. This Hyderabad House Harmonizes Two Distinct Units […]

    Read More

    This Classical Delhi House Reflects Grandeur And Elegance | Fab Studio

    Reflecting grandeur, this Delhi house, also called as Nievus Villa reinterprets classical architecture through a contemporary lens, resulting in a sophisticated, and inviting home. FAB Studio undertook the challenge of creating a residence that seamlessly integrates into Delhi’s architectural landscape, while blending timeless elegance with modern comfort. Editor’s Note: “By merging classical elements with contemporary […]

    Read More

    The Luxe House Captures Affection an Togetherness | Shreesh Design Studio LLP

    The sentiment of togetherness is conceptualised the best way by Shreesh Design Studio LLP in this luxe house and has executed it with brimming affection. ‘The Luxe Wave,’ as so appropriately named, is a residential haven located in the warm arms of a homely neighborhood in Rajkot, Gujarat. The coming together of familial bonding and […]

    Read More

    The Design of this Green Building Revolves Around a Jackfruit Tree | Uru Consulting

    A building that is constructed and designed to be environmentally responsible and resource-efficient design is called a green building. Green buildings are designed to maintain or improve the quality of the environment around them. Deep under its stylish mien, with Nature running through the veins of this house of 3732 square feet, is a green […]

    Read More

    This East Facing Plan Contributes to a Breathable House | Living Earth Architecture Studio

    Coloured glass is incorporated into the east facing elevation of the house with a plan designed to interact beautifully with morning sunlight. As the sun rises, light filters through the coloured glass, casting vibrant, colourful rays throughout the interior and creating a dynamic, uplifting atmosphere. Each piece transforms into a radiant, gem-like feature when struck […]

    Read More

    25 Stunning False Ceiling Designs for Your Living Room

    When you walk into a room, what’s the first thing you notice in the interiors? The furniture, the walls, or the ceiling? Often overlooked, the ceiling plays a significant role in defining the ambiance of a room. If you’re looking to add some flair, sophistication, or a modern touch to your living room, false ceiling […]

    Read More
  • Magazine December Edition 2024
  • How to Select Tiles for Your Living Room: 20 Perfect Indian Styles

    This Townhouse in London Reflects The Rich Heritage of an Indian Film Family | Quirk Studio